Uterus Prolapse / Descent
Uterus Prolapse / Descent
Uterine prolapse, also known as uterine descent or pelvic organ prolapse, occurs when the uterus descends from its normal position and bulges into or outside the vaginal canal. This condition is more common in women who have had multiple pregnancies, given birth vaginally or have reached menopause. Factors such as obesity, chronic constipation and repetitive heavy lifting can also contribute to uterine prolapse. Here are some key points about uterine prolapse:
Weakened pelvic floor muscles and ligaments that support the uterus are the primary cause of uterine prolapse.
Pregnancy and childbirth can stretch and weaken these supportive structures.
Other factors that increase the risk of uterine prolapse include aging, hormonal changes during menopause, obesity, chronic coughing, repetitive heavy lifting and conditions that increase abdominal pressure (such as chronic constipation).
The severity of symptoms can vary depending on the degree of prolapse.
Mild cases may not cause any noticeable symptoms, while more severe prolapse can result in the following:
- Sensation of heaviness or pressure in the pelvis.
- Feeling of a bulge or protrusion in the vaginal area.
- Low backache or pelvic pain.
- Difficulty emptying the bladder completely.
- Urinary incontinence or increased frequency of urination.
- Painful sexual intercourse.
Treatment options depend on the severity of the prolapse, the impact on the quality of life and the woman's overall health and preferences.
Mild cases of uterine prolapse may not require immediate treatment but can be managed with pelvic floor exercises (Kegels) to strengthen the muscles.
In more severe cases, treatment options may include:
Pessary: A removable device inserted into the vagina to support the uterus and relieve symptoms.
Estrogen therapy: In postmenopausal women, estrogen supplementation may help strengthen the vaginal tissues and provide some support.
Surgery: Surgical intervention may be necessary if conservative measures do not provide relief. Different surgical procedures can be done to repair the prolapse, including hysterectomy (removal of the uterus) or reconstructive surgery to restore the supportive structures.
